Blockchain-based decentralized energy management platform for residential distributed energy resources in a virtual power plant

The advent of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as renewables, storage, electric vehicles, and controllable loads, \rv{brings} a significantly disruptive transformational impact on the centralized power system. It is widely accepted that paradigm shift to decentralized system with bidirectional flow necessary integration DERs. virtual plant (VPP) emerges promising for managing DERs participate in In this paper, we develop blockchain-based VPP management platform facilitate rich set transactive activities among residential users flexible loads VPP. Specifically, can interact each other trade mutual benefits provide network services, feed-in energy, reserve, demand response, through To respect users' independence preserve their privacy, design optimization algorithm optimize scheduling, trading, services. Then prototype blockchain implement proposed network. By experiments using real-world data-trace, validated feasibility effectiveness our simulation results demonstrate reduces cost by up 38.6% overall 11.2%.